Монологи на английском языке с текстом и переводом. №37. Тема: 1. Инфекционное заболевание. 2. Определение потока в геологии.

 
   
Today, I'd like to talk about infectious diseases. Have you heard of those before? An infectious disease is a disease that a person can get from environmental factors, that is, from the surroundings or where he or she lives. For example, if a person drinks dirty water, he or she can become sick.
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These days, infectious diseases are not as prevalent as they were in the past. Back in the 19th century, they were very prevalent. For example, one widespread problem in the 1800s was babies who got diarrhea from infections.
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These infections came from drinking dirty water or drinking unpasteurized milk. A terrible fact we know is that diarrhea killed almost 200 out of every 1,000 infants in the year 1840. Nearly 20 percent of babies at that time died from this particular infectious disease.
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In geology, a flow is defined as materials mixing together as they move down a slope. There are three main types of flows: creep flows, debris flows, and debris avalanches. Remember, it does not matter about the type of flow.
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The basic definition or meaning is the same: flow means materials mixing together as they move down a slope. Now, one of the major differences between these types of flows - creep, debris flow, or debris avalanches - is the rate of movement. A creep flow moves slowly. A debris flow contains water and usually moves faster.
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And as you might guess, the debris avalanche moves very quickly. Debris avalanches occur on a steep hill or slope, so that's why they're faster. So, in order to remember them, think of them from slowest to fastest: creep flows, debris flows, and debris avalanches.
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